Wednesday, November 28, 2012

HIV spread high in young gay males

Health officials say 1 in 5 new HIV infections occur in a tiny segment of the population - young men who are gay or bisexual.
The government on Tuesday released new numbers that spotlight how the spread of the AIDS virus is heavily concentrated in young males who have sex with other males. Only about a quarter of new infections in the 13-to-24 age group are from injecting drugs or heterosexual sex.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said blacks represented more than half of new infections in youths. The estimates are based on 2010 figures.
Overall, new U.S. HIV infections have held steady at around 50,000 annually. About 12,000 are in teens and young adults, and most youth with HIV haven't been tested.


Read more here: http://miamiherald.typepad.com/gaysouthflorida/2012/11/cdc-hiv-spread-high-in-young-gay-males.html#storylink=cpy

Tuesday, November 27, 2012

Nigerian Baby Dies After Home Circumcision in the UK

A four-week-old Nigerian baby boy, Goodluck Caubergs, bled to death after a poorly-handled home circumcision by a Nigerian nurse, a court heard On Monday.


The baby died a day after the nurse, Grace Adeleye, 66, carried out the procedure without anaesthetic and using only a pair of scissors, forceps and olive oil, the Manchester Crown Court, in the United Kingdom, heard.
The medic, a Nigerian, like the parents of the baby, was apparently introduced to the parents of the baby because of the Nigerian ties binding them, especially as Adeleye was said to have performed such operations with so much “experience and skill”, several times in the past, also among Nigerian families.
Adeleye, also a midwife, was paid £100 (about N25,400) to do the operation, as Goodluck’s parents were not aware the procedure was available at the NHS (National Health Service).
The Royal Oldham Hospital was just a mile and a half from the family home in Chadderton, near Oldham, where the little baby could have been better circumcised and his life saved.
Adeleye of Sarnia Court, Salford, Greater Manchester, however, denied manslaughter by gross negligence of the baby boy. But the prosecution argued that she botched the procedure by leaving a “ragged” wound that bled, and her post-op care was also woefully inadequate.
Adrian Darbishire (QC), who opened the case for the prosecution, told the jury: “The allegation essentially here is that the care she provided in the course of that procedure was so bad that not only did it cause the death of that young baby wholly unnecessarily, but it amounted to gross negligence and a crime.”
Darbishire said circumcisions were routinely carried out amongst Christian families in Nigeria who had brought the tradition with them to the UK, and the procedure was an “ancient, well established and widespread” practice across the world.
But the court heard that up to three children a month are admitted to the Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital due to bleeding after home-based circumcisions — a danger the nurse should have been aware of.
Goodluck was born on March 22, 2010, in Rochdale and died on April 17, the day after the circumcision, aged 27 days old.
Around 5 pm on April 16, 2010, Goodluck’s father, Olajunti Fatunla, was said to have brought Adeleye by car to the family home — and the nurse sent him immediately to get some Calpol while she and the mother, Sylvia Attiko, got on with the operation.
Once inside, Adeleye told the boy’s mother to fetch some olive oil and a bowl of warm water and the child was stripped to just his vest. Adeleye then brought her ‘instruments’ out of her handbag and dipped a pair of scissors into the water in a kidney dish. “At that point Sylvia closed her eyes,” Darbishire said.
“Goodluck had had no anaesthetic or local pain relief at this point and that is not how this should be done. “By the time Sylvia opened her eyes the operation was over.
“She could see the foreskin between the blades of the scissors.”
Adeleye then cleaned the wound with cotton wool and applied a bandage.
The boy was “crying throughout” and the wound was bleeding, but Adeleye told the mother this was normal, the court heard.
The defendant left the house between 30 and 40 minutes after the surgery and the £100 had been handed over, without any proper checks on the patient after the procedure, it was alleged.
Later, the parents found the bandage had come off the wound, which dripped with blood and there was blood in the nappy.
Darbishire said even a small amount of blood loss is dangerous and the loss of just one sixth of a pint of blood can be fatal for a newborn. The concerned parents, who had no medical training, called the defendant around two-and-a-half hours later.
Adeleye told them the bleeding was normal and “not a problem” and advised a change of nappy and bandage and to apply olive oil. In fact Adeleye should have advised immediate medical attention.
“To delay and reassure was simply not appropriate,” the prosecutor told the jury.
“His parents remained concerned but they had been reassured by the defendant,” Darbishire narrated.
However, the following morning it was clear something was wrong and at 7.20 am an ambulance was called. Darbishire added: “I have no doubt there will be much criticism of the parents by their inaction.
“But can I invite you to consider this. One of the hardest things as a parent, especially parents of a young child, is knowing when to be worried and how worried to be.
“But on the other hand no one wants to make a fuss about nothing.”
A post-mortem examination found that Goodluck died from blood loss after the circumcision. Darbishire said: “His death was wholly unnecessary. He bled to death over a period of many hours when medical assistance, which could have saved his life, was minutes away.”
The trial, scheduled to last two weeks, was adjourned to today.
So what went wrong for a nurse and midwife, who probably had practised the profession for about two decades? Could Adeleye with her “experience and skill” not have known what exactly she needed for such an operation? Had there been any previous failed and fatal circumcisions by her? Was it a mere error or professional negligence? All of these questions will be addressed or answered as the court continues with the case.
Whatever it is, it is doubtful that the British justice system will take kindly to the needless death caused by her action.

Monday, November 26, 2012

‎10 Surprising Things That Age You


While ageing is an inevitable part of life, how quickly or well you age depends on many different factors. Although there are some obvious causes of premature ageing, there are many seemingly harmless things that can also add on the years. Here are our top 10 surprising things that age you.

Surprising thing that ages you 1: Watching TV
While we all know that spending hours in front of the television is bad for your waistline, you may not know that it can also shorten your lifespan. Researchers from the University of Queensland found that for every hour you watch TV you may shorten your life by as much 22 minutes. Furthermore, research has suggested that watching TV could increase your risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

Surprising thing that ages you 2: Drinking from bottles and through straws
You probably know that what you drink can affect your looks, but you may be surprised to hear that how you drink can also influence how well you age. In fact, sucking on straws and drinking out of sports bottles causes the same pursing action – and therefore the same fine lines and wrinkles around the mouth – as smoking. Try drinking directly from the glass whenever you can to help keep the wrinkles at bay.

Surprising thing that ages you 3: Too little (or too much) exercise
The benefits of exercise are immeasurable for keeping you looking and feeling young. Not only does a lack of exercise shorten your life and increase risk of obesity and heart disease, but exercise can also keep your brain young by protecting against Alzheimer’s, boosting your mood and leaving you feeling alert and energised. Furthermore, increased blood flow to your skin can help keep your complexion clear, bright and youthful-looking. On the flipside, while we should all make an effort to stay active, too much exercise can cause stiffness in joints and increase risk of arthritis.

Surprising thing that ages you 4: Central heating
Many of us spend a fortune on anti-ageing skin products, yet we may regularly accelerate skin ageing without even being aware of it. The central heating and air conditioning systems that many of us use at home and at work can severely dry out skin, leading to premature ageing and wrinkles. To help keep skin youthful and soft, try turning down the heating and wearing more layers to stay warm. Keeping a glass of water in the room can also increase humidity, while wearing a protective face cream can help relieve dryness.

Surprising thing that ages you 5: Sugar
Eating too much sugar is clearly bad news for your waistline; however sugar consumption is also up there with sun exposure and smoking when it comes to the major causes of wrinkles. When blood sugar levels are high, a process called glycation occurs which damages the collagen in your skin. Once damaged, the normally springy collagen hardens, leading to wrinkles and sagging.

Surprising thing that ages you 6: Listening to an iPod
Hearing loss is a common symptom of ageing, yet many of us may suffer from diminished hearing early on due to listening to loud music through headphones. While listening to music sparingly and at a moderate volume is unlikely to do you much harm, a study has shown that listening to music on headphones for an hour can temporarily affect people’s hearing, while some researchers have suggested that listening at full volume could put you at risk of permanent damage.

Surprising thing that ages you 7: Your job
While having a job is pretty essential for most of us, it can also be one of the biggest causes of premature ageing. Firstly, work is a big source of stress for many people, which research has found can increase risk of heart disease and speed up cell ageing. Secondly, spending too many hours in the workplace can mean you have little time for essentials such as exercise, proper meals and sleep. To help minimise damage, try to avoid working exceptionally long hours and make the most of your evenings and weekends as times to relax.

Surprising thing that ages you 8: Soap
While you may think that soap is your skin’s best friend, this is actually not the case. The reason for this is that your skin has an acid mantle which is a natural protective barrier of the skin. When you wash with soap – which is generally alkaline – it can remove this protective layer of oils and dry out the skin, eventually leading to wrinkles. While it is not advisable to stop washing entirely, try swapping the soap for a PH-neutral and chemical-free cleanser, and bear in mind that there is such a thing as over-cleansing your skin.

Surprising thing that ages you 9: Your pillowcase
You may think you’re indulging in a bit of beauty sleep when you hit the hay at night; however the opposite could in fact be true. If you regularly sleep with the same side of your face pressed against a cotton pillow case this may cause creases on the skin which can eventually turn to fine lines and wrinkles. To help stay youthful overnight try sleeping on your back instead, or switch to a silk or satin pillowcase to create less compression wrinkles and help maintain skin’s moisture levels.

Surprising thing that ages you 10: Low fat diets
Many of us switch to low fat diets to help shed excess pounds. However, cutting out good, healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids could negatively affect the speed and way in which you age. Omega-3 fatty acids – present in oily fish, walnuts and flax seeds – are essential for keeping you looking and feeling young. Not only do they help keep skin supple and wrinkle-free, but they help boost brain health, keep your heart in good condition, and can even increase your lifespan.

Nurse kicked and assaulted 99-year-old patient


A Hertfordshire nurse who called a 99-year-old patient "evil", kicked him and told him she would spit in his face has been suspended.
Christina Gavigan, a sister, tried to drag another patient along the floor by her feet at Hemel Hempstead Hospital.
The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) found 21 of 25 accusations proved and suspended Ms Gavigan for 12 months.
She did not attend and was not represented at the four-day Conduct and Competence Committee hearing in London.
It heard "serious concerns" were raised during one Saturday shift at the accident and emergency department in October 2008.
Ms Gavigan, a nurse for 28 years, was the leader of the shift when a "very challenging, aggressive, uncooperative and confused" man was in the unit.
The NMC heard the man was calling out "help me" but Ms Gavigan said "just leave him" and later got up close to him and called him "evil" and a "horrible man".
'Waste of space'
He was overheard to say he would spit in her face, to which she replied she would "spit in your face".
Ms Gavigan was also seen to kick him and then say "oops, I just kicked you" and told him, when he asked for a cup of tea, that he did not deserve one.
The committee found she also called a "distressed" patient a "waste of space", shouted at her and told her to shut up.
The woman had been placed on a mattress on the floor to reduce the risk of a fall, but had tried to crawl out of the cubicle.
The NMC found it proved Ms Gavigan pushed the patient along the ground with her foot, nudged her head with her foot and tried to drag her back into the cubicle by her feet.
She also slammed a door when the woman was about one metre away and was crawling along the floor.
Another sister who queried why Ms Gavigan was shouting at the patient was then verbally abused, the committee found.
She also spoke loudly to a third patient's son about his mother's condition when the patient had not been told of the situation.
The NMC concluded a suspension for 12 months, the maximum period available, sent out a clear message that Ms Gavigan's conduct was unacceptable.

Smoking 'rots' brain, says King's College study


Smoking "rots" the brain by damaging memory, learning and reasoning, according to researchers at King's College London.
A study of 8,800 people over 50 showed high blood pressure and being overweight also seemed to affect the brain, but to a lesser extent.
Scientists involved said people needed to be aware that lifestyles could damage the mind as well as the body.
Their study was published in the journal Age and Ageing.
Researchers at King's were investigating links between the likelihood of a heart attack or stroke and the state of the brain.
Data about the health and lifestyle of a group of over-50s was collected and brain tests, such as making participants learn new words or name as many animals as they could in a minute, were also performed.
They were all tested again after four and then eight years.
Decline
The results showed that the overall risk of a heart attack or stroke was "significantly associated with cognitive decline" with those at the highest risk showing the greatest decline.
It also said there was a "consistent association" between smoking and lower scores in the tests.

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These results underline the importance of looking after your cardiovascular health from mid-life”
Dr Simon RidleyAlzheimer's Research UK
One of the researchers, Dr Alex Dregan, said: "Cognitive decline becomes more common with ageing and for an increasing number of people interferes with daily functioning and well-being.
"We have identified a number of risk factors which could be associated with accelerated cognitive decline, all of which, could be modifiable."
He added: "We need to make people aware of the need to do some lifestyle changes because of the risk of cognitive decline."
The researchers do not know how such a decline could affect people going about their daily life. They are also unsure whether the early drop in brain function could lead to conditions such as dementia.
Heart and brain
Dr Simon Ridley, from Alzheimer's Research UK, said: "Research has repeatedly linked smoking and high blood pressure to a greater risk of cognitive decline and dementia, and this study adds further weight to that evidence.
"Cognitive decline as we age can develop into dementia, and unravelling the factors that are linked to this decline could be crucial for finding ways to prevent the condition.
"These results underline the importance of looking after your cardiovascular health from mid-life."
The Alzheimer's Society said: "We all know smoking, a high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels and a high BMI [Body Mass Index] is bad for our heart. This research adds to the huge amount of evidence that also suggests they can be bad for our head too.
"One in three people over 65 will develop dementia but there are things people can do to reduce their risk.
"Eating a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, getting your blood pressure and cholesterol checked and not smoking can all make a difference."
Source:BBC

Saturday, November 24, 2012

Red Alert! Four New Cases Of SARS-like Virus Found


A new virus from the same family as SARS which sparked a global alert in September has now killed two people in Saudi Arabia, and total cases there and in Qatar have reached six, the World Health Organisation said.
The UN health agency issued an international alert in late September saying a virus previously unknown in humans had infected a Qatari man who had recently been in Saudi Arabia, where another man with the same virus had died.
On Friday it said in an outbreak update that it had registered four more cases and one of the new patients had died.
“The additional cases have been identified as part of the enhanced surveillance in Saudi Arabia (three cases, including one death) and Qatar (one case),” the WHO said.
The new virus is known as a coronavirus and shares some of the symptoms of SARS, or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, which emerged in China in 2002 and killed around a 10th of the 8,000 people it infected worldwide.
Among the symptoms in the confirmed cases are fever, coughing and breathing difficulties.
Of the six laboratory-confirmed cases reported to WHO, four cases, including the two deaths, are from Saudi Arabia and two cases are from Qatar.
Britain’s Health Protection Agency, which helped to identify the new virus in September, said the newly reported case from Qatar was initially treated in October in Qatar but then transferred to Germany, and has now been discharged.
Coronaviruses are typically spread like other respiratory infections, such as flu, travelling in airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
The WHO said investigations were being conducted into the likely source of the infection, the method of exposure, and the possibility of human-to-human transmission of the virus.
“Close contacts of the recently confirmed cases are being identified and followed-up,” it said.
It added that so far, only the two most recently confirmed cases in Saudi Arabia were epidemiologically linked — they were from the same family, living in the same household.
“Preliminary investigations indicate that these two cases presented with similar symptoms of illness. One died and the other recovered,” the WHO’s statement said.
Two other members of the same family also suffered similar symptoms of illness, and one died and the other is recovering. But the WHO said laboratory test results on the fatality were still pending, and the person who is recovering had tested negative for the new coronavirus.
The virus has no formal name, but scientists at the British and Dutch laboratories where it was identified refer to it as “London1_novel CoV 2012”.
The WHO urged all its member states to continue surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections.
“Until more information is available, it is prudent to consider that the virus is likely more widely distributed than just the two countries which have identified cases,” it said.

Friday, November 23, 2012

'Vegetarians have a better s******x life'

They are often considered a more spindly counterpart to their meat-eating friends. But it seems vegetarians might have the last laugh when it comes to matters in the bedroom. For a new study has found that people who consume tofu and other plant-based foods might enjoy a better s****x life than meat-eaters.

 It’s thought that certain plant products can influence hormone levels and heighten s***xual activity. The research, published in the journal Hormones and Behavior, is the first to observe the connection between the so called sex hormones phytoestrogens, found in plants, and behavior in wild primates. In this case, it was a group of red colobus monkeys in Uganda, but as primates, experts say we humans would likely experience similar effects from the compounds. 

The research was carried out by Michael Wasserman, while he was a graduate student at UC Berkeley's Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management. Over 11 months, Wasserman and his team followed a group of red colobus monkeys in Uganda's Kibale National Park and recorded what the primates ate. 

 The researchers focused on aggression, which they measured by the number of chases and fights, the frequency of mating and time spent grooming, and the scientists also collected fecal samples to assess changes in hormone levels. The researchers found that the more male red colobus monkeys dined on the leaves of Millettia dura, a tropical tree containing estrogen-like compounds, and closely linked to soy, the higher their levels of estradiol, the 's****x hormone' and cortisol the 'stress hormone'. 

 They found that with the altered hormone levels the monkeys spent more time having s*****x, and less time grooming. Wasserman told Sciencelive: 'By altering hormone levels and social behaviors important to reproduction and health, plants may have played a large role in the evolution of primate, including human, biology in ways that have been underappreciated.' 

In a separate study Researchers from Bellarmine University in Louisville, Kentucky, have found that men believe eating meat makes them more manly. Professor Hank Rothgerber , who has published his research in the journal Men and Masculinity, said that meat eating was linked with 'manhood, power, and virility'. The research comes after the animal rights charity PETA has also insisted that fruit and veg are the key to virility. 

 A bizarre video, featuring various men gyrating with an assortment of phallic-shaped fruit and vegetables as their manhood, became a viral sensation on YouTube to back up the point. From a tennis player sporting a giant carrot, to a car wash mechanic with a banana, PETA says the video is ‘a light-hearted way to show that spicing things up in the bedroom can be as simple as changing things up in the kitchen’.

Wednesday, November 21, 2012

Fat people really ARE more jolly

The word 'jolly' has long been a byword word for 'plump' - hijacked by experts in the back handed compliment. But scientists believe there could be genetic evidence which explains why fat people are often happier than their skinny friends. It comes after Strictly favourite Lisa Riley has been flying the flag for larger women insisting she is a 'big, happy girl', more than comfortable with her size. 

 The breakthrough could be an explanation for why obese characters, such as The Laughing Policeman and Father Christmas, are often portrayed as jovial and kindly Scientists from McMaster University in Canada found the so called 'fat gene' FTO is also a 'happy gene' too. FTO is the major genetic contributor to obesity.

 But it is also associated with an eight per cent reduction in the risk of depression. Researchers at McMaster University in Canada had been investigating whether there was a link between obesity and depression. 

 But when they investigated the genetic and psychiatric status of patients enrolled in the EpiDREAM study, led by the Population Health Research Institute, they found the opposite was true. 

 The study analysed 17,200 DNA samples from participants in 21 countries. Results showed those with the the previously identified FTO gene - the fat gene -showed significantly less signs of depression. The study finding was confirmed by analysing the genetic status of patients in three additional international studies. 

Professor David Meyre, of McMaster University in Canada, said: 'We set out to follow a different path, starting from the hypothesis that both depression and obesity deal with brain activity. 'We hypothesised that obesity genes may be linked to depression. 'The difference of eight per cent is modest and it won't make a big difference in the day-to-day care of patients. 'But, we have discovered a novel molecular basis for depression. 

'It is the first evidence that an FTO obesity gene is associated with protection against major depression, independent of its effect on body mass index.' In a recent interview Strictly favourite Lisa Riley said she was more than comfortable with her size. She said she is ‘a big, really happy girl who is lucky enough to be confident in her own skin’, and added: 'Many would give their left arm to be thinner. 

Not me' She added: 'I genuinely love being different and it drives me mad that people don’t believe I’m happy as I am. 'Why do I want to look like everyone else? But I know people think: “She says that, but she doesn’t mean it, she’s very sad really".'

Woman, 51, spends up to 18 hours a day confined to a cage as she claims it protects her against allergy to modern technology

A woman spends up to 18 hours a day confined to a cage because she claims she is allergic to modern technology. Velma Lyrae, 51, says she can’t use a mobile phone, satnav or WiFi, or even use a hairdryer to blow dry her hair. 

Instead she spends her days reading books, doing artwork and writing letters, all from the comfort of her Faraday cage She suffers from electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) which means she cannot stand to be near electromagnetic fields. 

Velma’s condition emerged with the arrival of 3G mobile phones, although she believes a previous electric shock made her more susceptible. As a teenager Velma suffered a shock when she touched the switch of an electric fire in her bathroom. At first the symptoms were barely noticeable but they have become progressively worse over time.
Velma sleeping in her homemade Faraday cage, which shields her from static electric fields

Now unable to work, Velma suffers agonising head and nerve pain, memory loss, tinnitus, heart palpitations, vertigo and aching joints if she goes anywhere near technology - and is forced to spend every day in a makeshift cage in her flat in Blackheath, London.

 Velma made the cage herself from second hand material costing £300. A brand new cage would have cost her £800. She claims metal fibres in the netting reflect the electro-magnetic waves and stop her from suffering EMS symptoms. 

She said: 'I can’t do anything that normal people do without my symptoms showing. I have to do everything in my cage - eat, sleep, read, write. 'I always wear a shielded scarf round my head when I leave the house to protect myself from radiation signals. 'It’s made my life a living hell.'

Early death link to muscle power


How muscular you are as a teenager may predict how long you live, at least if you are a man.
Swedish experts who tracked more than a million teenage boys for 24 years found those with low muscle strength - weaker leg and arm muscles and a limp grip - were at increased risk of early death.
The team behind the BMJ study believe muscle strength reflects general fitness, which would explain the link.
Experts stress the findings do not mean muscle building makes you live longer.
The effect of poor muscular fitness in those tracked was similar to well established risk factors for early death, such as obesity and high blood pressure.

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The benefits of being physically active at any age are well established”
British Heart Foundation
When the researchers took into account these better known risk factors, they found the link between early death and muscle power remained.
Thin and fat men alike fared worse in terms of life expectancy if they had weaker than average muscles, while more burly men had better survival odds even if they were overweight.
Over the course of the study, 26,145 (2.3%) of the men died. The leading single cause of death was accidental injury, followed by suicide, cancer, heart disease and stroke.
A third of the deaths were due to other causes and the researchers grouped these together for their calculations.
The teenagers who scored above average on muscular strength at the start of the study had a 20-35% lower risk of early death from any cause and also from cardiovascular diseases.
They also had a 20-30% lower risk of early death from suicide and were up to 65% less likely to have any psychiatric diagnosis, such as schizophrenia or depression.
In comparison, the 16- to 19-year-olds with the lowest level of muscular strength had the highest risk of dying before they reached their mid-50s.
The teenagers, who were all conscripts to the Swedish military, were asked to grip and to do some leg curls and arm push ups against resistance to measure muscle strength.
A spokeswoman for the British Heart Foundation said: "The benefits of being physically active at any age are well established with studies showing it can prevent children from developing diseases later on in life, as well as improving their concentration at school, their overall mental health and well-being."
Stephen Evans, professor of pharmacoepidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said while there was good evidence exercise was beneficial for health, the study did not show doing more exercise would necessarily prolong your life.
And encouraging people to do more regular physical activity could be a challenge, he added.
"Sadly the trials of an intervention to increase exercise have not shown notable benefits, though that does not discourage me and many others from exercising," Prof Evans said.
Source:BBC

Monday, November 19, 2012

Diesel exhaust can cause cancer, World Health Organization says


Diesel engines power commerce and transportation around the world, but the exhaust they produce can prove deadly. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced on Tuesday that it now classifies diesel exhaust as a cause of cancer. While major advances in technology have helped clean up some diesel pollution in the United States, the findings could have serious implications for developing countries still relying on dirty diesel power.
Following a week-long meeting of experts, the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded there was sufficient evidence that diesel exhaust can cause lung cancer, and noted it may also increase the risk of bladder cancer. Gasoline exhaust remains classified as a “possible” carcinogen, a WHO status that has not changed since a 1989 evaluation.
California’s Air Resources Board classified diesel as cancer-causing in 1998, and passed a number of regulations to reduce the public’s diesel pollution exposure from sources like trucks, ports and agricultural equipment. 
The WHO’s announcement validates California’s efforts, said Diane Bailey, a senior scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council in San Francisco. “It’s a signal to the international community that we really need to take diesel pollution seriously,” Bailey said. “It’s a major global health threat to people throughout the world.” She added that tens of thousands of people die from exposure to diesel exhaust every year.
Diesel exhaust contains tiny soot particles that can pass through the lungs into the bloodstream, carrying heavy metals, sulfates and other chemicals. “The health risks of diesel exhaust are a little like smoking a couple of cigarettes a day, the difference being that you don’t choose” to be exposed, Bailey said.
However, these risks are largely preventable, thanks to low-sulfur diesel and more efficient engines with improved filtration. “We really have diesel that’s near zero emissions for fine particles and nitrogen oxides,” said Allen Schaeffer, the executive director of the Diesel Technology Forum. A recent study by the Health Effects Institute found that exhaust from diesel engines meeting the 2007EPA standards, which reduce particle emissions by 90%, only slightly decreased lung function in rats.
California’s trucking industry has already taken many steps to comply with Air Resources Board regulations, such as installing particle filters, said Michael Shaw, a spokesperson for the California Trucking Assn. However, the costs of such upgrades get passed on to consumers buying items like a gallon of milk or a loaf of bread, he said.
The trucking industry is currently experiencing a “renaissance” in terms of alternative fuels, Shaw said, “everything from liquified natural gas, to hybrid trucks and all-electric trucks.” But he added that these alternatives comprise just a small percentage of fuel used by the trucking industry, which is projected to rely predominantly on diesel well into this century.
Although the United States has made progress to clean up diesel pollution, exposure is a serious issue in the developing world, Bailey said. “We’re starting to see the sales of diesel vehicles skyrocket.”
In order to take advantage of cleaner diesel technology, developing countries first need to adopt cleaner fuel standards, Schaeffer said. The low-emission engines won’t work properly on diesel high in sulfur.
A June 2012 United National Environment Programme map of sulfur content standards in diesel fuel around the world shows that North America, Europe and Australia have the highest standards, but that the sulfur problem is worse – and sometimes much worse – in large parts of the globe.
 “It’s the challenge of getting the clean equipment and the clean fuel together,” he said. “That becomes a big problem in a hurry outside of the U.S.”

Thursday, November 15, 2012

Drugs that may cause impotence

 Various medications and recreational drugs can have an effect on s*xual arousal and s*xual performance. What causes impotence in one man may not affect another man.

If you think that a medication you are taking is having a negative effect on your s*xual performance, discuss the matter with your health care provider. Never stop taking any medication without first consulting your health care provider, because some medications can produce life-threatening reactions if they are not carefully and slowly stopped or switched appropriately.

The following is a list of medications and nonprescription drugs that may cause impotence:
Antidepressants and other psychiatric medications:
  • Amitriptyline (Elavil)
  • Amoxapine (Asendin)
  • Buspirone (Buspar)
  • Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
  • Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
  • Clomipramine (Anafranil)
  • Clorazepate (Tranxene)
  • Desipramine (Norpramin)
  • Diazepam (Valium)
  • Doxepin (Sinequan)
  • Fluoxetine (Prozac)
  • Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
  • Imipramine (Tofranil)
  • Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
  • Lorazepam (Ativan)
  • Meprobamate (Equanil)
  • Mesoridazine (Serentil)
  • Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
  • Oxazepam (Serax)
  • Phenelzine (Nardil)
  • Phenytoin (Dilantin)
  • Sertraline (Zoloft)
  • Thioridazine (Mellaril)
  • Thiothixene (Navane)
  • Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
  • Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
Antihistamine medications (certain classes of antihistamines are also used to treat heartburn):
  • Cimetidine (Tagamet)
  • Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
  • Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
  • Meclizine (Antivert)
  • Nizatidine (Axid)
  • Promethazine (Phenergan)
  • Ranitidine (Zantac)
High blood pressure medicines and diuretics ("water pills"):
  • Atenolol (Tenormin)
  • Bethanidine
  • Bumetanide (Bumex)
  • Captopril (Capoten)
  • Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
  • Chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
  • Clonidine (Catapres)
  • Enalapril (Vasotec)
  • Furosemide (Lasix)
  • Guanabenz (Wytensin)
  • Guanethidine (Ismelin)
  • Guanfacine (Tenex)
  • Haloperidol (Haldol)
  • Hydralazine (Apresoline)
  • Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix)
  • Labetalol (Normodyne)
  • Methyldopa (Aldomet)
  • Metoprolol (Lopressor)
  • Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)
  • Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)
  • Phentolamine (Regitine)
  • Prazosin (Minipress)
  • Propranolol (Inderal)
  • Reserpine (Serpasil)
  • Spironolactone (Aldactone)
  • Triamterene (Maxzide)
  • Verapamil (Calan)
Among the antihypertensive medications, thiazides are the most common cause of ED, followed by beta-blockers. Alpha-blockers are, in general, less likely to cause this problem.
Parkinson's disease medications:
  • Benztropine (Cogentin)
  • Biperiden (Akineton)
  • Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
  • Levodopa (Sinemet)
  • Procyclidine (Kemadrin)
  • Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
Chemotherapy and hormonal medications:
  • Antiandrogens (Casodex, Flutamide, Nilutamide)
  • Busulfan (Myleran)
  • Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
  • Ketoconazole
  • LHRH agonists (Lupron, Zoladex)
Other medications:
  • Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
  • Atropine
  • Clofibrate (Atromid-S)
  • Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
  • Cyproterone
  • Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  • Disopyramide (Norpace)
  • Estrogen
  • Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar, Avodart)
  • Furazolidone (Furoxone)
  • H2 blockers (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid)
  • Indomethacin (Indocin)
  • Lipid-lowering agents
  • Licorice
  • Metoclopramide (Reglan)
  • NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, etc.)
  • Orphenadrine (Norflex)
  • Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
  • Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Opiate analgesics (painkillers)
  • Codeine
  • Fentanyl (Innovar)
  • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
  • Meperidine (Demerol)
  • Methadone
  • Morphine
  • Oxycodone (Oxycontin, Percodan)
Recreational drugs:
  • Alcohol
  • Amphetamines
  • Barbiturates
  • Cocaine
  • Marijuana
  • Heroin
  •  Nicotine 
Source:US National Institute of Health

Monday, November 12, 2012

How to improve your sleep

 A lot of people struggle with sleep issues, often due to a stressful lifestyle or too many stimulants. But the health benefits of getting good-quality sleep are immense, so do put some effort into it. One of the ways is to sort out what I call 'sleep hygiene’. 

This means that, pre-bedtime, you should make sure your bedroom is really quiet, the temperature is comfortable and all light is minimised. Even little things like the light from a digital alarm clock have been shown to keep certain parts of the mind active, so use some eyeshades. You should be getting eight hours of sleep, and the earlier you go to sleep the better.
A helpful nightcap Leave at least two hours or so between dinner and bedtime, and avoid caffeine and alcohol before you sleep, too. Drink camomile tea an hour or so before you go to sleep, or try mulberry tea; it’s calming and helps balance blood-sugar levels. You could also sprinkle a few drops of lavender or lemon-balm oil on to your pillow.
Fit for bed Ensure you exercise regularly. It has a really positive effect on sleep and also helps with stress management. Aim for three one-hour sessions a week. But don’t spend all the time on a high-energy cardiovascular workout; exercise for around 45 minutes, then use the last 15 minutes to focus on deep breathing and stretching.

 This will train your body to switch out of a highly stressed state to a calming one, which is good practice for falling asleep
At a stretch Before you go to sleep, there is one yoga pose that automatically calms you down. While sitting on your bed, lean forward over your legs and try to touch your ankles. This is a relaxing stretch, so go to your limit and don’t push it any further. You can even put a pillow on your knees and relax your head there. 

Remain in that position for five minutes, taking deep abdominal breaths. This posture has been shown to calm the nervous system, bring down blood pressure and help with any headaches, all of which will enhance your slee.
Switch off completely Watching television or staying up late using your laptop close to bedtime can disrupt your sleep cycle. The light pulsation from the screen activates the cerebral cortex of the brain (the thinking part), so you’ll find it more difficult to go to sleep. You can read, write or be on the telephone, if you need to

 
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